PATFIELD: Alma… Appendix 3

The "Patfield" section of this site is in memory of my mother, Alma Maud STRONG (née PATFIELD). It is not intended to be a full account of the PATFIELDs, since this is covered by other publications. My narrow focus is on our part of this family. Please read in sequence by following the links at the bottom of each page or use the "Quick Nav" at top right. If you wish to select individual chapters, please click on the top left link to the "Sitemap" page. Note that it is intended that the chapters develop the story of our family and appendices will contain supporting data. The section is integrated with the Photo Gallery: “Alma PATFIELD… her father's & mother's lines.” This gallery illustrates Alma's early German heritage, her grandparents, parents & siblings, and her own life. Note the styles: links to individual images: …#09 ; citation of sources: …ix)

Contents of this Website are subject to Copyright © by Philip Strong, & allow fair academic use. See here.

Do you have information, opinion or a question relating to either this site’s contents or its copyright? Please use the e-mail link available at the bottom of each page. I look forward to corresponding with you.

This appendix contains supporting data for the preceding chapter 4.

Appendix 3 : The other MARQUARD siblings… what happened to Dora's brothers?

This section is a working document to promote discussion and further contributions.

 

Johannes Christoph (Christopher) MARQUARD.

In the preceding chapter 4… it was described that Johann Christoph MARQUARD had arranged emigration and Australian employment through the NSW immigration agent Wilhelm Kirchner. Kirchner was was born in Frankfurt am Main and had a network of agents in Germany. Christoph had an assisted passage on the ‘Triton’ which left Hamburg on 20 Nov 1852 and arrived at NSW on 3 May 1853. He had secured employment as a vinedresser with Alexander Park, at “Lewinsbrook” 4km SE from Gresford NSW …i)…pg 22, ii).

See the 'Triton' passenger list…ii):
Marquart Johann Christoph; age 23; vinedresser; born Höhfeld (sic) Baden; parents Dorothea Marquart, does not know his father's name; can read and write.
Marquart Anna Maria; age 21; wife; born Niklashausen Baden; parents Casper and Anna Maria Fünkner both living at Niklashausen; can read and write.
Marquart Georg; age 9 months; son; born Niklashausen Baden; parents on board.

Christoph's lack of knowledge of his father in the above shipping documentation confirms information in the German emigration records (Auswanderungsakte)… Anna Dorothea MARQUARD was recorded having three illegitimate ("unehelich") children: Johann Adam b. 4 Nov 1827; Johann Christoph b. 17 Dec 1829; and Maria Dorothea b. 17 Jul 1833, all with the surname MARQUARD. There was no mention of a subsequent marriage to legitimise these children, otherwise there would be the notation: "Unehelich, Annerkennung bei Heirat" or illegitimate, acknowledged by marriage …iii).

Christoph had to break through very onerous barriers before he could marry and emigrate. His circumstances were researched by a Baden-Württemberg genealogist Friedrich Wollmerhäuser, …v) and used as an example of the oppressive measures which were used to “hinder the increase of the poorer classes”. …iv) It is suggested that Christoph's brother Johann Adam MARQUARD (described above) faced similar problems!

Jenny Paterson quotes Wollmerhäuser's paper …v) and says:

Christoph and his fiancée Anna Maria FÜNKNER had a premarital child.They could not achieve citizenship and marry because of the poverty of their situation. During the process of the application Christoph was granted citizenship temporarily so that they could be married, and then he had to renounce the citizenship to emigrate. The community supported the emigration with a payment of 20 gulden and agree to pay for a replacement should Christoph be called up for military service while still on the list (i.e. until 25 years of age). …iv)

It is possible that the MARQUARDs concealed the illegitimacy of the first born son Johann Georg FÜNKNER MARQUARD by promoting the story of his birth at sea, told in the obituary of his death on 25 Oct 1936:

MR. GEORGE MARQUET.
As briefly reported in our last issue the death occurred on Sunday last of a well-known identity of Wallarobba, Mr. George Marquet, at the age of 84. He was born at sea while his parents were on the voyage to Australia, and for a time his life was despaired of, and as his death seemed imperative a small coffin was prepared for the burial at sea, but the baby survived the ordeal and he went on to live to a good old age.
Shortly after the arrival of his parents in Australia they settled on the Allyn River, where the late Mr. Marquet spent the early years of his life, but for very many years he had resided in the Wallarobba district, where he was highly respected. His wife pre-deceased him about six months ago. He is survived by three brothers, Harry (Dungog), Phillip ("Holbrook”, Brookfield) and Faldeen (Paterson); also two sisters, Mrs. Mate (Wallarobba) and Mrs. Maurer (Gloucester). Two sisters, Mrs. Montague and Mrs. Maurer, predeceased him.
The burial took place in the Church of England portion of Dungog cemetery on Monday, the Rector officiating at the graveside. The funeral arrangements were conducted by Messrs Fry Bros. …vii)

“Born at sea while his parents were on the voyage to Australia”?? …vii) There was a similar story which concealed illegitimacy of Christoph's brother's son Andreas… "born Dec 1854, in French waters on the ‘Marbs’ voyage"! …viii) See the detailed discussion at the top of this page.

The obituary account of Johann Georg's near death does not fully match the report given by the Surgeon Superintendent on board the 'Triton'. He says four times “no sickness” and no fatalities, and also “no sickness since Cowes”. Note that the ship had sailed from Hamburg on 26 Nov 1852 and called at Cowes, departing from there on 18 Jan 1853. …i) A Sydney Morning Herald shipping report also had different information:

The Triton was detained for several weeks in the Channel with head winds, and had nothing but light easterly airs from the meridian of the Cape. The Emigrants which she brings from Hamburgh are principally sheepshearers and vine trimmers, and are all under engagement to serve employers who have hired them for a term of two years. No cases of sickness during the voyage with one exception, namely, that of a lady who died while the ship was lying at Cowes of gastric fever. Four births took place: one of the Infants dying shortly after being born. The Triton brings out an assortment of merchandise, wines, and spirits. …ix)

The death was of Eva Margaretta, the 17 year old wife of vinedresser Georg LIEBLER from Wenkheim. …ii) Perhaps our Johann Georg also had gastric fever (typhoid fever) at Cowes?

I have a set of photostats from Beryl Davy of nine original German documents written in spidery early German Kurrentschrift which tell Christoph's story and that of his immediate family… but the task of translation has been put off and off!

These original documents …vi) detail the following sequence of events:

However, early Kurrentschrift proved beyond my Elementary German academic experience. I also found that two German expatriates found it beyond their ability, even though they had been exposed to it at school. Looks as if a German Archivist is the best person to ask. One of Beryl Davy's daughters …xviii) kindly found translations of 5) and 6) above which confirm the circumstances of Christoph's migration, Johann Georg's illegitimacy leading to his concealment of his DoB. See below:

Wertheim, 14th Sep 1852 before Magistrate von Stengel.
The request of Johann Christoph Marquart of Höhefeld for a marriage permit for the purpose to migrate to Australia.
The petitioner appears and explains: At Höhefeld neither my betrothed nor I will be accepted because I can not produce the necessary wealth, and even if it were possible I would be unable to find any earnings to feed my family. I have now heard that several residents of Niklashausen have migrated to Australia and there I hope that they will be doing well. Therefore I have made up my mind to marry Anna Maria Finkner from Niklashausen, who has already an illegitimate child by me, and at once migrate with both of them to Australia. The only obstacle to our marriage is the fact that I am not yet 25 years of age. I point out that I belong to the conscription of ???? and ticket no. 705 gives me exemption, but I still belong to the special conscription until I am aged 23 and this could be in this respect another obstacle. I believe that the community administration of Höhefeld would take over this responsibility and would also support my migration. People of Niklashausen, who have already migrated, have been under the same circumstances as myself and have been granted permission to migrate. Now I beg of you the permission to marry and official permit to migrate. Christoph Marquart
Decision. To the community administration of Höhefeld. The petitioner is still subject to the special conscription until he is aged 23 and therefore by law required to give bail if he intends to migrate before this date. According to the petitioner the community administration of Höhefeld is inclined to guarantee this security, therefore the administration is herewith asked to give this guarantee in writing. 21.9.84 Signed ??? …vi), xviii)
Note: The translator's document was written in Germanic English and I took the liberty of making a few tweaks which did not alter the sense but brough it closer to idiomatic English. The translator made an error with the place name of Niklashausen and he incorrectly wrote Vielashausen which does not exist. Close examination of the script shows how easy it was to make the mistake. Niklashausen is shown to be correct by independent BDM records. See Niklashausen images at #7, #8, #9, #10, #11.

Image of view near the top of the Mühlberg. Photo: Gerhard Klinger. Image of view of Niklashausen further down the Mühlberg. Photo: Marlise Düx. Image of view of Niklashausen near the bottom of the Mühlberg. Photo: Marlise Düx. Image of 1943 post card of Niklashausen. Image of recent post card of Niklashausen.
Click on the above thumbnails for full images of Niklashausen.

Christoph’s terms of assisted emigration required a two year contract with his employer Alexander Park, at ‘Lewinsbrook’, commencing 1853. There were four major initial land grants around the (now) Gresford NSW area. These were: ‘Camyr Allyn’, issued to Charles Boydell (now Gresford); George Townsend’s ‘Cawarra’ (now East Gresford); Alexander Park's ‘Lewinsbrook’ next on the east to ‘Cawarra’; William Boydell (Charles' brother)'s grant ‘Caergwrle’, just 6km north of Gresford at Allynbrook, on the Allyn River.

After Christoph's initial contract we find him working at ‘Caergwrle’, where he died accidentally on 4 Feb 1868. The newspaper account said:

Fatal Accident at Allyn River
An inquest was held before James Thomson, coroner for the district, at W.B. Boydell’s property ‘Caergwrle’ (Allynbrook) on the Allyn River on February 6th on the body of Christopher Marquart, a servant employed by Mr Boydell. On Tuesday last the deceased was working in the cellar and became intoxicated during Mr Boydell’s absence. Being unfit for work he was sent home. Half an hour later he was seen asleep at the door of the cellars. Two servants were told to look after him. In the morning Marquart did not turn up to work and a search was made. At one o’clock a coat and hat was found on a ledge of rock on the river bank, 35 feet above the river. They dragged for the body, and it was found at sundown. It is thought he lay down to sleep on the ledge and rolled off, striking the rocky ledge and killing himself. Verdict: Accidentally killed by a fall from 35 feet up. …x)

When Christoph died, he left behind a 7 month pregnant widow and six children. Strangely, even after his death was the subject of an inquest, it does not appear in the public index of the NSW Registry of Births Deaths & Marriages. A Client Service Officer of the Registry confirmed this absence, and suggested that the reason was that registration was not compulsory at that time. In the absence of a death registration we do not have a burial location.

Image of Johann Christoph MARQUARD.Christoph MARQUARD. Kind permission of Peter Marquet.
From a photostat of an original in the Olga Marquet (d. 2013) collection, held by her son Peter.

Eight months later Anna Maria (Mary) remarried to 36 year old Martin METH (MATE) from Neudorf, an immigrant on the ‘Reiherstieg’ in 1852. Martin had a wife Eva SCHIPP from Eltville Nassau with him on the voyage. …xii) It is appears that he deserted Eva and his marriage to Mary…xv) was bigamous. Mary then had a further 4 children to Martin and died of heart disease on 14 Apr 1893 at Wallarobba NSW. Martin survived her by another 7 years and died in a driving accident.

The Death on Paterson Road — At 3.30 yesterday afternoon, the District Coroner (Mr G F Scott, PM) held an inquest at Blake's Hotel, Largs, on the body of the man Martin Mate, who was killed on the Paterson road, about two miles from Largs on Thursday night last. The evidence went to show that Mate was at the Belmore Hotel on the afternoon of the 22nd. He then complained of being unwell. When he left the hotel he was quite sober. He was last seen alive, driving along the Paterson road. About seven pm his dead body was found near Comerford's gravel pit. He had evidently been thrown out of the cart against the fence, for one leg was broken, his head bruised and his hands cut about. Just how the accident happened, however, there was nothing to show. Mate was a dealer by occupation, was 66 years of age and a well-known resident of Wallarobba. He leaves one son and three daughters, the youngest of whom is 23. The Coroner found that Mate had been killed by being accidentally thrown from his cart. …xi)

Mary's two sets of children may not have really merged. Her first-born son George's obituary only referred to: "…three brothers, Harry (Dungog), Phillip ("Holbrook”, Brookfield) and Faldeen (Paterson); also two sisters, Mrs. Mate [photos below] (Wallarobba) and Mrs. Maurer (Gloucester). Two sisters, Mrs. Montague and Mrs. Maurer, predeceased him." There was no reference to his half brother and 3 half sisters.

Image of Grannie MATE from Wallarobba. Image of Grannie MATE from Wallarobba. Image of Grannie MATE's home at Wallarobba.
“Grannie” MATE from Wallarobba… Mary MARQUET (1861-1948). …xvii), xviii)
Photos (#1-#3 L-R) of Mary and also the ruins of her Wallarobba home with Beryl DAVY in 2002.
From the Beryl Davy (d. 2003) collection, with kind permission of her daughters Lyn (#1) and Susan (#2,3)

Note that In those days, people had a precise idea of who was related to who, even without computers! Mary's daughter Annie MATE knew she was related to her mother's deceased husband's niece Selina Annie, and had corresponded with her. (Mary had married Johann Christoph MARQUARD who was brother to Maria Dorothea who was mother to Selina Annie ROSE). In court case she said: "Annie Mate, on oath, states: I live at Wallarobba; I know the complainant; I have known her for the last three years; I am a cousin of her's; I was at service at Cawarra with her; it is going on two years since I left; after I left she wrote to me; I was then at Dungog; I received a few letters when there; I have not got the letters". …xiii) Continuing this theme, Mary's son Faldeen from her first marriage was a witness to the marriage of his cousin Dora ROSE (Selina Annie ROSE's sister) when she married Thomas SOPER. …xiv) Dora was my g-grandmother. It was a small world in that area and they all knew each other! Taking all this into account, we wonder why George's obituary did not contain the names of his half brother & half sisters?

Image of Christoph MARQUARD’s sons.Christoph MARQUARD’s sons. Kind permission of Peter Marquet.
(from left) Back row: George then Faldeen. Front row: Philip then Henry. …xvi)
From an original in the Olga Marquet (d. 2013) collection, held by her son Peter.
Details of Anna Maria's families with Christopher MARQUET & Martin MATE.

Sources… b) Johann Christoph MARQUARD:
 
i) Jenny Paterson. (TRITON) German immigrant ships to eastern Australia- resources and problems: Part 10: Triton 1853, (Hamburg to Sydney). Ances-tree; Burwood & District Family History Group; vol.19 no.1: Mar 2006: 22-30.
ii) Arrival of ‘Triton’ 3 May 1853. State Records Authority of New South Wales; Kingswood New South Wales, Australia; Persons on bounty ships to Sydney, Newcastle, and Moreton Bay (Board's Immigrant Lists); Series: 5317; Reel: 2465; Item: [4/4936]
iii)   Emigration of Maria Dorothea MARQUART. Auswanderungsakte, Landesarchiv, Baden-Württemberg - Staatsarchiv Wertheim. Ref# 39o/5994, 6o36
iv)   Jenny Paterson. 'Planned illegitimacy' among German immigrants. Ances-tree; Burwood & District Family History Group; vol.20 no.2: Jul 2007: 1-9.
v)   Friedrich R. Wollmerhäuser. The bureaucracy of emigration and its traces in German archives. Papers: family history congress; Sydney 1988.
vi)   Beryl Davy. MARQUART German documents.
vii)   Mr. George Marquet. Dungog Chronicle : Durham and Gloucester Advertiser; 30 Oct 1936: 2.
viii) Graham Todd. Marquard family had origins in Germany. Goondiwindi Argus; 13 Nov 1985: 13.
ix) Imports. Sydney Morning Herald. 30 Apr 1853: 4.
x) Fatal Accident at Allyn River. Maitland Daily Mercury. 8 Feb 1868.
xi) Death on Paterson Road. Maitland Daily Mercury. 27 Mar 1900: 2.
xii) Arrival of ‘Reiherstieg’ 5 Aug 1852. State Records Authority of New South Wales; Kingswood New South Wales, Australia; Persons on bounty ships to Sydney, Newcastle, and Moreton Bay (Board's Immigrant Lists); Series: 5317; Reel: 2463; Item: [4/4927]
xiii)   Annie Rose v. Walter Patrick Russell. Maitland Mercury and Hunter River General Advertiser; 7 Feb 1891: 6S
xiv)   Marriage of Thomas SOPER & Dora ROSE. Reg# 4443/1879. Registrar of BDM, NSW.
xv)   Marriage of Martin MATE & Mary MARQUAT. Reg# 3096/1868. Registrar of BDM, NSW.
xvi) Pers. comm. Brenda Hogg; 2016. Brenda is a direct descendant of Philip MARQUET (1855-1937).
xvii) Pers. comm. Susan Davy; 2016-2018. Susan is a daughter of Beryl Davy who pioneered the research into this branch of our family.
xviii) Pers. comm. Lynette Pritchard; 2018. Lyn is a daughter of Beryl Davy who pioneered the research into this branch of our family.
 
Acknowledgments… (b) Johann Christoph MARQUARD:

Many thanks to Jenny Paterson for her published papers on German immigration and her kindness in corresponding with me about this area. Thanks again to Beryl DAVY of Maitland (d. 2003), Olga MARQUET (d. 2013) of Paterson and Anthony J. (Tony) BENHAM of Glenmore Park who kindly shared their MARQUART documents. Olga Marquet's son Peter kindly gave permission to use his mother's photos. I am also grateful to meet Beryl Davy's daughters Lyn and Susan who provided some of their mother' photos as well as crucial translations.
 

Contact

It would be great if descendants of the German ROOS (ROSE) and MARQUARD (MARQUET etc) families who might share our earliest maternal ancestor might contact me. See the e-mail link at the bottom of this page.

The Story Continues